In the long run, timolol eye drops lower the intra-ocular pressure by 26 to 38% and are usually equally or more effective than pilocarpine or adrenaline eye drops and they are better tolerated. Several other beta-blockers (e.g. betaxolol) have ocular activity but they are not superior to timolol. The effect is strongest initially; it later decreases so that combination therapy is frequently necessary. The drug is suited for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma (glaucoma simplex) but it can also be used for secondary glaucoma (e.g. aphakia or after laser procedures). In combination with other agents with ocular hypotensive effects, timolol is also used for the emergency treatment of angle-closure glaucoma in children.

Like other beta-blockers, timolol can be used for coronary heart disease and hypertension, however, it has not been compared to many alternatives for this indication. Its efficacy in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction is documented. Its benefits in the prevention of migraine have also been demonstrated.

Table of Contents | Pharmacology | Adverse Reactions & Interactions | Contraindications & Cautions | Risk Groups | References